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BEAM.DOC
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1994-01-23
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"BEAM" - QUICK, SIMPLE BEAM ANALYSIS: EVERYTHING IS BUILT-IN ! 12/93
BEAM.EXE = Executable Quick Basic Program that analyses 10 different
load conditions, 6 different materials (Pine, Oak, Steel,
Stainless, Aluminum, Brass, Concrete, and User-Defined).
Predefined cross sectional shapes of Angle, I-Beam, Pipe,
Rectangular Tube, Solid and T-Beam (same as Angle).
Sample Problem 1: 150 Lb man standing on 8 foot long 2x4.
---------------------------------------------------------
RUN: Shape ? B (A 2x4 is a 'bar' of wood)
Span ? 96 (Inches, Ends of 2x4 nailed to boards)
Height ? 3.5
Width ? 1.5
Material ? 6 (Pine)
Condition ? 1 (Center load, ends basically free to rotate)
Load ? 150
Add Inertia ? 0 (No added strength from floor or other boards)
Stress = 1170 Psi Stress Limit = 1400 Psi ; Beam will
Deflection = .30 Inch Defl. Limit = .53 Inch not break...
------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Sample Problem 2: 16 1/2 Foot Garage Door Beam
----------------------------------------------
Info: House is 28 feet wide. 24 Inch Snow = 2.4 Inch Water
Water Weighs 5 Lb/Inch Depth
Total Load on Roof: Truss Weight ......... 2.2 Lb/Ft2
Insulation (12 Inches) 1.2
|--- 14'--| Ceiling .............. 1.5
/\ 1/2" Roof Sheeting ... 1.1
/ \ Shingles, 2 Layers ... 5.2
/ \ Snow (24 Inches deep) 12.0
/ x --------------------------
| | Garage Roof Pressure = 23.2 Ib/Ft2
|____________| Beam (23.2/144 = .16 Psi)
RUN: Shape ? B (bar)
--- Name ? 2 x 12 - Three of Them
Span ? 198 (inches)
Material ? 6 (pine)
Height ? 11.5 (actual height of 12" beam)
Width ? 4.5 (Three 2 x 12's, 1.5" wide each)
Inertia ? 0 (no help from roof sheeting)
Condition ? 3 (evenly distributed load)
Pressure ? .16 (Psi)
Load Width ? 168 (14 feet wide roof x 12 In/Ft)
(width of the load)
Answer: Stress = 1333 Psi Stress Limit = 1400 Psi ... Good !
Deflection = .5 Inch Defl Limit = (1/180 x L)
or 1.10 Inch
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
Sample Problem 3: Beam under Floor of 3' x 8' Steel Water Tank
---------------------------------------------------------------
Hint: Angle iron welded underneath the tank in the "L" position
---- effectively gives a channel section and is very strong...
||
||
Closeup of Floor ---> ==========================================
||
____________ ||
/| / ||_______
/ |_______ / | 5' Deep -------- Angle
/___________/ | ( L2x2-1/4 )
| | /
|___________|/ 3' Wide
L
<---8'------>
3 2
If the Tank is filled it will have 5 Ft x 62.4 Lb/Ft or 312 Lb/Ft
of pressure on the floor. 312/144 In2 = 2.166 Psi Floor Pressure.
The beam could be expected to support 1/2 the total floor pressure:
| wt beam supports | outer wall supports 1/2 of floor
| <---------> |
Floor: ==========================
<---4'---> |_ <---4'--->
RUN: Shape ? C (angle welded to flat plate = channel)
Span ? 36 (width of tank in Inches)
Height ? 2.25 (Ht of angle plus 1/4 floor plate)
Width ? 2 (width of angle iron)
Thick ? .25
Material ? 1 (Steel)
Condition ? 3 (Uniformly loaded with free ends)
Pressure ? 2.166 (Psi on the tank floor)
Press Width ? 48 (width of supported area)
Stress = 17000 Psi Stress Limit = 18000 Psi... Good design!
Defl = .068 Inch Deflection Limit = .20 Inches